Nationality by Descent

Nationality by Direct Descent (Children of Portuguese citizens)
Who can apply:
  • Children of Portuguese citizens, regardless of whether they were born inside or outside Portugal.
    Required documents:

  • Applicant’s birth certificate (apostilled or legalized and translated if not in Portuguese).

  • Birth certificate of the Portuguese parent (issued by the Civil Registry in Portugal).

  • Copy of identification document of the Portuguese parent (passport or citizen card).

  • Declaration that the applicant wishes to acquire Portuguese nationality (filled out at a notary or authenticated).

  • Identification document of the applicant (passport, ID card, or equivalent).

  1. Nationality by Grandchildren of Portuguese citizens
    Who can apply:

    • Grandchildren of Portuguese citizens, born outside Portugal.
      Required documents:

    • Applicant’s birth certificate, apostilled or legalized and translated if necessary.

    • Birth certificate of the father or mother (direct child of the Portuguese citizen), apostilled.

    • Birth certificate of the Portuguese grandfather/grandmother (obtained from the Civil Registry in Portugal).

    • Marriage certificate of the Portuguese grandfather/grandmother, if applicable.

    • Proof of effective connection to the Portuguese community (such as language skills, regular travel, or other cultural ties).

    • Identification document of the applicant (passport or ID card).

    • Proof of non-existence of Portuguese nationality of the parent who did not pass it down, if applicable.

  2. Nationality by Stable Union or Marriage to a Portuguese Citizen
    Who can apply:

    • Spouses of Portuguese citizens, after 3 years of marriage or stable union.
      Required documents:

    • Marriage certificate or document proving the stable union recognized by a Portuguese court.

    • Birth certificate of the foreign spouse, apostilled and translated if necessary.

    • Birth certificate of the Portuguese spouse (obtained from the Civil Registry in Portugal).

    • Proof of effective connection to the Portuguese community (if married for less than 6 years).

    • Certified copy of the applicant’s passport or identification document.

    • Declaration of non-existence of divorce or judicial separation.

  3. Nationality by Adoption
    Who can apply:

    • Fully adopted children of Portuguese citizens.
      Required documents:

    • Adopted person’s birth certificate, apostilled.

    • Full adoption certificate recognized by a Portuguese court.

    • Identification document of the applicant (passport or ID card).

  • Birth certificate of the Portuguese adoptive parent (obtained in Portugal).

Additional general steps:

  • Hague Apostille: Make sure all documents issued outside of Portugal are apostilled in the country of origin.

  • Certified Translation: If documents are not in Portuguese, they must be translated by a certified translator and apostilled.

  • Official forms: Many cases require specific forms provided by consular services or the Institute of Registries and Notaries (IRN).

Where to submit the application:

  • Portuguese Embassy or Consulate in the country of residence.

  • Directly in Portugal, at the Institute of Registries and Notaries (IRN).

  • Effective connection to the Portuguese community is automatically recognized if, at the time of the application:

    • You have been married or in a stable union for at least 6 years, or

    • You have been married or in a stable union for at least 5 years and prove knowledge of the Portuguese language, or

    • You have been married or in a stable union for at least 5 years and were born and are a national of a country with Portuguese as an official language, or

    • There are common children of the couple with Portuguese nationality, or

    • You have had legal residence in Portugal for at least 5 years, or

    • You have had legal residence in Portugal for at least 3 years and can prove you are studying in Portugal or have knowledge of the Portuguese language.